Botolan Sambal is spoken by over 30,000 people located around the municipalty of Botolan in Zambales province.
   Botolan Sambal is one of eight Sambalic languages, a subgroup of the Central Luzon language family. Other Sambalic languages include Ambala Ayta, Abenlen Ayta, Bataan Ayta, Mag-indi Ayta, Mag-inchi Ayta, Bolinao, and Tina Sambal.   Other Central Luzon languages include Remontado Agta and Kapampangan.

Data from this sketch are extracted from Antworth (1979).

Phonology

Inventory
p t k ‘ [Glottal stop is spelled – or ` here]
b d g
m n ng
s h* [not in original chart]
l r
w y
i e u (high vowels; u spelled as o)
a (low vowel)

Syllable Structure: VC, CV, CVC
Diphthongs: ay, iy, uy, iw, aw, iw
Stress is phonemic: híku ‘elbow’ vs. hikú ‘I’; púsu’ ‘banana blossom’ vs. pusú’ ‘heart’. Stress shifts one syllable with suffixation: tambáy + -an = tambayán ‘help’

Morphology

Case Marking Particles
 

	Nominative		Genitive	Oblique
	Full	Minimal
Nonpersonal	hay	ya	nin	ha
Personal Sg.	hi	hi	ni	koni
Personal Pl.	hili	hili	nili	konli

Sample sentences:

Namti ya lalaki nin baboy. The man killed a pig.
Namati hi Juan nin baboy. Juan killed a pig.
Nanaliw hi Maria nin habayti. Maria bought some of this.
Nambi hi Jose nin libro ha anak. Jose gave a book to a/the child.

Pronouns
 

		Case
Number	Person	Nominative, full	Nominative. minimal	Genitive	Oblique
Singular	1	hiko	-ako, ko	ko	kongko
	1 + 2	hita	ta	ta	konta
	2	hika	ka	mo	komo
	3	hiya	ya	na	kona
Plural	1	hikayi	kayi	nawen	konnawen
	1 + 2	hitamo	tamo	tamo	kontamo
	2	hikawo	kawo	moyo, yo	komoyo
	3	hila	hila	la	konla

Notes: -ako ‘I’ occurs after consonants, -ko after vowels. There are also two fused pronouns kata ‘I to you (from ko ka), and katawo ‘I to you plural (from ko kawo).’

Deictic Pronouns
 

Nominative		Genitive	Oblique	Gloss
Full	Minimal
habayti, hati	bayti, yati	nin habayti, nin hati	bayri, di	this
haba-in, ha-in	ba-in, ya-in	nin haba-in, nin ha-in	bahen, hen	that (medial)
habayto, hato	bayto, yato	nin habayto, nin hato	bayro, do	that (distal)

Interrogative Pronouns:

hino ‘who’; ayri ‘what’; nakano ‘when, past’; makano ‘when, future’; anya ‘what’; antà ‘why’; ongno ‘how many/much’; pangno ‘how (manner)’; komosta ‘how (quality), Sp.’

Indefinite Pronouns:

anyaman ‘whatever, anything’; hinoman ‘whoever, anybody’; ayripaman ‘wherever’

Noun Pluralization:
Caw- prefix: law-lapis ‘pencils’; dawdowih ‘thorns’; aw-anak ‘children’; aw-otan ‘snakes’

Adjective Pluralization:
Caw- for unaffixed adjectives; manga- for ma- adjectives: manga-ganda ‘beautiful’; kawkatowà ‘ugly, bad’

Linker: ya, -y, e.g. malakè ya alahas ‘much jewelry’, tatlo-y mipapatel ‘3 siblings’

Coordinators: boy ‘and’; o ‘or’; piro ‘but’; balè ta ‘but’ ta ‘because’; biha ‘and then’; no ‘if’; banà ta ‘because’; emen ‘in order to’; maski ‘although’

Numbers
Cardinal: miha 1, lowa 2, tatlo 3, apat 4, lima 5, anem 6, pito 7, walo 8, siyam 9, mapò 10, labimmiha 11, labinlowa 12, lowampò 20, tatlompò 30, magato 100, lowanggato 200, libo 1000.

Numeral morphology:
 

	Cardinal	Ordinal	Distributive	Restrictive	Grouping
e.g.	one	first	one each	only one	one by one, one at a time
1	miha	primiro, primira, ona, ona	ti-iha	mimiha	mihamiha, mani-iha
2	lowa	ikalowa	tilowa	lolowa	lowalowa, manilowa
3	tatlo	ikatatlo	titatlo	tatatlo	tatlotatlo, manitatlo

Verbs

Registration (focus) morphology

active –om-, ma-, mag-, mang-, mangi-.
object: -en, i-, -an
locative: pag- -an, pang- -an, pangi- -an
benefactive: ipang-, pang-, ipangi-, pangi-
instrumental: ipang-, pang-

Aptative affixes: ma-, maka-, makapag-
Social verbs: maki-, ipaki-, paki-, ipaki- -an, paki- -an
Reciprocal verbs: mi-

Verb Pluralization
 

Indicative	Pluralized
mag-	mipag-
-om-	mipang-
mang-	mipang-
mangi-	mipangi-

Aspect Morphology
 

Contemplated (unmarked)	Perfective	Imperfective
ma-	na-	ang-ka-
mag-	nag-	am-pag-
mang-	nang-	am-pang-
mangi-	nangi-	am-pangi-
maka-	naka-	am-paka-
maki-	naki-	am-paki-
mi-	ni-	am-pi-
-om-	-in-om-	an- -om-
-en	-in-	an- -en
-an	-in- -an	an- -an
pag- -an	-in- pag- -an	am- pag- -an

Example Sentences

Nambih hi Juan nin litrato kongko. Juan gave a picture to me.
Tinomabà ya baboy. The pig got fat.
Nagpatabà hi Jose nin baboy ta patyen ha piesta. Jose fattened a pig because he will kill it for the fiesta.
Nangan ya anak nin kanen. The child ate some rice.
Kinan nin anak ya kanen. The child ate rice.
Niknò hi Pedro ha silya. Pedro sat on the chair.
Inikno-an ni Pedro ya silya. Pedro sat on the chair. [The chair was sat upon..]
Ayra ka ampa-iri? Where are you living
Itanem ta bayti ya hangì nin ha-a. Let’s plant this banana sucker.
Mako ta ha balah. Let’s go to the river.
Hay ganda nin babayi! How beautiful the woman is!
Ahè pinati nin tawo ya damowag ko. The person didn’t kill my water buffalo.
Agko nakakatoloy nayabi. I couldn’t sleep last night.
Agmo ko itapon ha lanom. Don’t throw me in the water.
Ayin ya hen. He is not there.
Ayin di ya nanay na. His mother is not here.
Hay ta-en ay an-et-eten nin bakì. The rat is chewing the trap. [ay = inverse marker]
Hi Elem ay alwan malhay. Elem is not large.
Halita-en moyo kongko no makano kawo mako ha istit. Tell me when you are going to the States.
Nag-ompisa ya nin toktoken ya kawayan. He began to peck the bamboo.
Hay nangyari ay natinay lalaki. What happened was the man died.
Nowayo yaynan nowayo angga ha nibarak ya. He ran and ran until he fell down.
Ikabayombokah, nabiglà hila. The next morning they were surprised.
Habayti ya otan ay ma-in pitoy oloy kapapalimo. This snake had seven frightening heads.
Hapa-eg, hi Ripolyo ay nag-in katowà ya papwak. Now, Ripolyo became an ugly frog.

References:

Antworth, Evan L. 1979. A Grammatical Sketch of Botolan Sambal. Manila: Linguistic Society of the Philippines.
----. 1984. "Sambal reflexes of Proto-Austronesian phonemes." In Consuelo J. Paz and Anicia del Corro (eds.), Studies on Philippine minor languages: Proceedings of the Third Philippine Linguistics Congress held on May 31-June 2 1983 at the University of the Philippines, Quezon City , 134-47. Quezon City: Cecilio Lopez Archives of Philippine Languages and University of the Philippines.
Houck, Charlotte. nd. One sentence type in Aeta. Manuscript. Ateneo de Manila University.
----. nd. Morphophonemics of Botolan Sambal (Aeta). Manuscript. Ateneo de Manila University.
Houck, Charlotte, and Harriet Minot. 1965. Phrases in Aeta Sambal. Manuscript. Ateneo de Manila University.
Houck, Charlotte, and Harriet Minot. 1973. Aw-istorya boy aw-oyap (Stories and Riddles). Manila: Summer Institute of Linguistics
Minot, Harriet. n.d. Phonology of Botolan Sambal (Aeta). Manuscript. Ateneo de Manila University.
----. 1964. Independent clause types of Aeta Sambal. Manuscript. Ateneo de Manila University.
----. 1967. Paragraph analysis of Botolan Sambal. Manuscript. Ateneo de Manila University.
----. 1971. Sentence types of Botolan Sambal. Manuscript. Ateneo de Manila University.
Minot, Harriet, and Charlotte Houck. 1964. Dependent and included clauses in Botolan Sambal. Manuscript. Summer Institute of Linguistics, Philippines.
Minot, Harriet, Charlotte Houck, and Nida Quinsay. 1968. Dictionary of Botolan Sambal. Manuscript, Summer Institute of Linguistics, Philippines.